ISO 14064:2006
is a three-part standard that includes a set of GHG calculation and verification criteria. The standard specifies the best international model for the management, reporting and verification of greenhouse gas data and data. By using a standardized method, one can calculate and verify the emission figures, ensuring that 1 ton of CO2 is measured the same way anywhere in the world. This allows the calculation of emissions claim uncertainty to be harmonized around the world, and end user groups such as governments, market trade and other interested parties can rely on these data and make claims.
The three parts that make up the standard are:
1. The first part of ISO 14064 specifies the principles and requirements for the design, development, management and reporting of the GHG inventory of an organization or company. It includes requirements such as establishing greenhouse gas emission limits, quantifying an organization's greenhouse gas emissions, removing and identifying specific measures or activities for the company to improve greenhouse gas management. At the same time, the standard also specifies the requirements and guidelines for the quality management, reporting, internal audit and institutional verification responsibilities of the GHG inventory of relevant departments
2. The second part of ISO 14064 focuses on GHG projects (such as wind power generation or carbon sequestration and storage projects) that aim to reduce GHG emissions or accelerate the removal of greenhouse gases. It includes establishing project baselines and the principles and requirements associated with the baselines for monitoring, quantifying and reporting project performance
3. Three parts of ISO14064 describe the actual verification process. It specifies elements of verification planning, assessment procedures and assessment of greenhouse gases. This enables ISO14064-3 to be used by organisations or independent third parties for GHG report verification and claims.
ISO 14065:2007
ISO 14065:2007 has been developed and the standard is designed to guarantee the verification process itself and specifies the requirements for GHG verification companies. These companies can implement data verification activities and manage them in accordance with ISO14064-3 standards or other specific emissions trading systems or corporate standards.
The general requirements of the standard address issues such as legal and contractual arrangements, responsibilities, impartiality management, liability and financing. The standard specifically includes requirements related to structure, resource requirements and capabilities, information and records management, verification and verification processes, appeals, complaints and management systems. The target of the standard is mainly the management, regulation and accreditation bodies of GHG work. The standards provide these agencies with a basis for evaluating the capabilities of verification and validation agencies.
ISO14064 and ISO14065
The diagram to the right illustrates the relationship between the three parts of ISO 14064 and ISO 14065.
Notes:
1 Verify
A systematic, independent and documented process for evaluating GHG claims against GHG project plans developed against verification criteria. Verification - A systematic, independent and documented process for evaluating GHG claims against the agreed verification criteria.
The introduction of these standards is very timely. Because every day a number of prominent institutions make statements about their GHG performance or their improvement and mitigation of climate change impacts. Terms such as "carbon footprint" and "carbon neutrality" have gradually become common phrases. At the same time, the GHG verification and verification market is expected to grow rapidly to meet demand and herald future growth opportunities.
2 Purpose meaning
1. The purpose of ISO14064
Reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and emissions trading and promote consistency, transparency and credibility in the quantification, monitoring, reporting and verification of GHGs; ensure that organizations identify and manage GHG-related responsibilities, assets and risks; promote Greenhouse gas cap or credit trading; support the design, research and implementation of comparable and consistent greenhouse gas programmes or procedures.
Second, the significance of ISO14064 implementation
1. Manage greenhouse gas risks and identify opportunities for reduction. Compiling a comprehensive greenhouse gas emissions inventory allows companies to understand their own greenhouse gas emissions status, as well as possible responsibilities and risks. At the same time, through the estimation and accounting of greenhouse gas emissions, it can help enterprises to tap the most cost-effective reduction opportunities;
2. Improve the efficiency of energy and material use and reduce operating costs. By developing new products and services, it can reduce the greenhouse gas emissions of customers or suppliers.
3. Establish a good image of social responsibility: As more and more attention is paid to climate change, more and more NGOs, investors or other stakeholders require companies to disclose more information on greenhouse gas emissions. Public disclosure of a company's GHG emissions information can strengthen good relationships with stakeholders and build a company's reputation for "social responsibility, environmental management" among customers and the general public.
4. Join the greenhouse gas emission trading market: For example, in some regions, methods with market mechanisms have been implemented to offset greenhouse gas emissions. These trading schemes require more realistic emissions and established emissions targets or caps to determine whether to buy or sell emissions rights, and usually require only estimates of direct emissions. At the same time, in order to assist in the work of independent verification, these emission trading systems require participating companies to establish a trail for certification of the greenhouse gas information they report.
5. Avoiding the risk of total greenhouse gas exceeding the limit in the future: The implementation of ISO14064 will be the only way for enterprises to improve energy efficiency, reduce costs, meet customer environmental protection requirements, and show a social responsibility image. It can be foreseen in the near future. More and more enterprises It will strive to obtain third-party certification in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and reporting, so as to enhance its competitiveness in global "green" procurement and obtain a "green" passport in global trade as soon as possible. [1]
3 Implementation StepsEdit
ISO14064:2006 "Greenhouse Gases - Part 1: Guidance Practice for the Quantification and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals at the Organizational Level" Implementation Steps
1. Introduction
ISO14064-1:2006 consists of 8 parts and 3 appendices, and its 8 functional modules are:
Scope
Terms and Definitions A total of 37 terms are defined, which are:
Greenhouse Gases, Greenhouse Gas Sources, Greenhouse Gas Sinks, Greenhouse Gas Repositories, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Greenhouse Gas Removal, Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removal Factors, Direct Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Energy Indirect Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Other Indirect Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Greenhouse Gas Activity Data, Greenhouse Gas Statement, Greenhouse Gas Information System, Greenhouse Gas Inventory, Greenhouse Gas Program, Greenhouse Gas Program, Greenhouse Gas Report, Global Warming Potential, CO2 Equivalent, Base Year, Facility, Organization, Responsible Party, Intent Users, Customers, Controls, Assurance Levels, Materiality, Material Differences, Monitoring, Validation, Validation Criteria/Assurance Criteria, Validation Statement/Assurance Statement, Validator, Validation, Assurer, Uncertainty.
4 principles
Contains 5 basic principles, namely Relevance, Completeness, Consistency, Transparency and Accuracy
Design and development of greenhouse gas inventories
4.1 Organizational Boundaries
4.2 Operational Boundaries
4.3 Quantification of GHG emissions and removals
5 Greenhouse Gas Inventory Composition
5.1 Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals
5.2 Organizational activities to reduce GHG emissions and increase GHG removals
5.3 GHG inventories for the base year
5.4 Uncertainty Assessment and Reduction
6 Greenhouse Gas Inventory Quality Management
6.1 Greenhouse Gas Information Management
6.2 Document retention and record keeping
7 Greenhouse Gas Reports
7.1 General
7.2 Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program
7.3 Contents of GHG report,
8 The role of organizations in accreditation activities
8.1 General
8.2 Preparation for Certification
8.3 Certification Management
Appendix A Facility Level Data Aggregated to Organizational Level Appendix B Other Examples of Indirect Greenhouse Gas Emissions Appendix C Greenhouse Gas Global Warming Potential
2. Introduction to key parts
Boundary range
This section includes organizational boundaries and operational boundaries. The definition of organizational boundaries is mainly from the perspective of enterprise groups, which must cover subsidiaries, investment companies, joint ventures and other independent legal or unincorporated institutions that hold interests. The operating boundary mainly refers to the company's operating activities, and distinguishes them into three categories: direct emissions and indirect emissions from the use of purchased electricity, steam, and heat, and other indirect emissions (such as outsourcing operations or business travel, etc.).
1. Identify emission sources
2. Greenhouse Gas Quantification Calculation
3.1 Data collection and compilation of greenhouse gas activity intensity
Collect and count the data of various activities in the enterprise, such as various fuel or raw material usage documents, electricity bills, mileage of business travel or goods transportation vehicles, wastewater operation measurement data, etc. The relevant data sources should be recorded to ensure the correctness and verifiability of the data, and the maintenance procedures of the data files should be established for future verification needs. In the process of data collection of greenhouse gas activity intensity data, try to check whether there is data that can be checked repeatedly for comparison. Sometimes the annual activity intensity data of some greenhouse gases may exist in different departments at the same time, and the difference should be evaluated in the statistical process, and more accurate data should be selected as a representative. When different activities/facilities have the same emission source and cannot be recorded separately, a consolidated record can be used as an alternative.
3.2 Collection and aggregation of greenhouse gas emission coefficients
Since the emission factor is an important basis for converting the amount of raw fuel material used per unit into the amount of greenhouse gas emissions, it is a very important factor in the quantification process. Generally speaking, it is more appropriate to use on-site or localized data for emission coefficients. However, due to insufficient domestic research on this part, the emission coefficients used are mostly data published by IPCC, GHG Protocol, USEPA and other organizations. The identification and use of the source of the emission factor is the primary task at this stage.
3.3 Calculation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions
After collecting and summarizing all GHG emission source data including activity intensity and emission coefficient, the final quantification calculation of GHG can be carried out. Among the six different greenhouse gases, CO2 and the other five gases have the characteristics of causing different greenhouse effects. In order to correct this gap, it is necessary to use the Global Warming Potential (GWP) to convert it into actual CO2 Equivalent; calculated by multiplying the emissions of a given gas by the global warming potential of that gas. The final summary completes the entire calculation. In the calculation process, special attention should be paid to whether the units of activity intensity and emission coefficient can be matched; in addition, since the five greenhouse gases other than CO2 have different GWP values, special attention should also be paid to the conversion into CO2 equivalent. Causes thousands or even tens of thousands of times the difference in quantitative results.
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